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Common name
cape cheesewood (English), cape pittosporum (English), spoor (English, St. Helena)
Synonym
Similar species
Summary
Pittosporum viridiflorum is a shrub/tree that has become naturalised in Hawai'i and Saint Helena. Originally cultivated in Europe as early as the 17th Century, the Dutch took the species to Saint Helena where it has now naturalised as an early coloniser in the currently regenerating shrubland. In Hawaii, P. viridiflorum is typically found at altitudes less than 1000m at forest edges and abandoned pasture.
Species Description
Pittosporum viridiflorum is desribed by Wagner et al (1999; as seen in PIER, 2006) as a small tree 3-6 m tall with its young parts and inflorescences sparsely puberulent; branches glabrous. It has leathery leaves, 6-15 cm long, 2.2-4 cm wide, glabrous, with margins minutely revolute; the apex bluntly acuminate to rounded; the base attenuate and the petioles 0.6-1.5 cm long. P. viridiflorum's flowers are perfect, numerous in terminal, branched, have corymbose inflorescences with peduncles 0-8 mm long, its pedicels slender and 5-7 mm long. The sepals are elliptic and around 1.5 mm long, margins scarious. The petals are yellowish green, 5-6 mm long, with margins slightly revolute and erose. Its capsules are depressed-subglobose, slightly compressed and 4-5 mm long, with the valves having thin exocarp and the surface minutely rugulose. The seeds occur in 4-6, are reddish black, subreniform, are somewhat compressed, and are around 3.5-4 mm long.
Uses
Used as an ornamental in Hawaii (Starr et al, 2003). Its stem and bark have also been used medicinally (Matshinyalo & Reynolds, 2002, as seen in Starr et al, 2003).
Habitat Description
In Hawaii, Pittosporum viridiflorum is cultivated, but has also naturalised sparingly at around 1000m altitude (PIER, 2006). In its native range, P. viridiflorum tolerates a wide range of elevations and grows in tall forests, in shrub of forest margins and on stream banks (Matshinyalo & Reynolds, 2002; as seen in Starr et al, 2003).
Pathway
Pittosporum viridiflorum is spread long distances by humans who use the species in landscaping (Starr et al, 2003)

Principal source:

Compiler: IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) with support from the Overseas Territories Environmental Programme (OTEP) project XOT603, a joint project with the Cayman Islands Government - Department of Environment

Review:

Publication date: 2005-01-24

Recommended citation: Global Invasive Species Database (2024) Species profile: Pittosporum viridiflorum. Downloaded from http://iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=346 on 26-11-2024.

Management Info
Preventative measures: A Risk Assessment of Pittosporum viridiflorum for Hawai‘i and other Pacific islands was prepared by Dr. Curtis Daehler (UH Botany) with funding from the Kaulunani Urban Forestry Program and US Forest Service. The alien plant screening system is derived from Pheloung et al. (1999) with minor modifications for use in Pacific islands (Daehler et al. 2004). The result is a score of 3 and a recommendation of: \"the plant requires further evaluation.\" \n

Physical: Seedlings of P. viridiflorum could be pulled by hand. Small trees could also be dug out. Cutting without herbicide treatment may result in re-growth (Starr et al, 2003)

Chemical: Cut stump, and basal bark methods employing herbicides are likely effective means of control for P. viridiflorum (Starr et al, 2003).

Countries (or multi-country features) with distribution records for Pittosporum viridiflorum
ALIEN RANGE
NATIVE RANGE
  • angola
  • ethiopia
  • india
  • kenya
  • lesotho
  • madagascar
  • malawi
  • mozambique
  • somalia
  • south africa
  • swaziland
  • tanzania, united republic of
  • uganda
  • yemen
  • zimbabwe
Informations on Pittosporum viridiflorum has been recorded for the following locations. Click on the name for additional informations.
Lorem Ipsum
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Details of Pittosporum viridiflorum in information
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Impact information
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Management information
Preventative measures: A Risk Assessment of Pittosporum viridiflorum for Hawai‘i and other Pacific islands was prepared by Dr. Curtis Daehler (UH Botany) with funding from the Kaulunani Urban Forestry Program and US Forest Service. The alien plant screening system is derived from Pheloung et al. (1999) with minor modifications for use in Pacific islands (Daehler et al. 2004). The result is a score of 3 and a recommendation of: \"the plant requires further evaluation.\" \n

Physical: Seedlings of P. viridiflorum could be pulled by hand. Small trees could also be dug out. Cutting without herbicide treatment may result in re-growth (Starr et al, 2003)

Chemical: Cut stump, and basal bark methods employing herbicides are likely effective means of control for P. viridiflorum (Starr et al, 2003).

Locations
Management Category
Bibliography
12 references found for Pittosporum viridiflorum

Management information
IUCN/SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG)., 2010. A Compilation of Information Sources for Conservation Managers.
Summary: This compilation of information sources can be sorted on keywords for example: Baits & Lures, Non Target Species, Eradication, Monitoring, Risk Assessment, Weeds, Herbicides etc. This compilation is at present in Excel format, this will be web-enabled as a searchable database shortly. This version of the database has been developed by the IUCN SSC ISSG as part of an Overseas Territories Environmental Programme funded project XOT603 in partnership with the Cayman Islands Government - Department of Environment. The compilation is a work under progress, the ISSG will manage, maintain and enhance the database with current and newly published information, reports, journal articles etc.
Pacific Islands Ecosystems at Risk (PIER), 2005. Risk Assessment: Pittosporum viridiflorum Sims, Pittosporaceae
Summary: Available from: http://www.hear.org/pier/wra/pacific/pittosporum_viridiflorum_htmlwra.htm [Accessed June 22 2010]
Pacific Islands Ecosystems at Risk (PIER), 2006. Pittosporum viridiflorum Sims, Pittosporaceae
Summary: Available from: http://www.hear.org/pier/species/pittosporum_viridiflorum.htm [Accessed June 22 2010]
Starr, Forest; Kim Starr and Lloyd Loope, 2003. Pittosporum viridiflorum Cape pittosporum Pittosporaceae
Summary: Available from: http://www.hear.org/starr/hiplants/reports/pdf/pittosporum_viridiflorum.pdf [Accessed June 22 2010]
General information
Global Compendium of Weeds (GCW), 2007. Pittosporum viridiflorum (Pittosporaceae)
Summary: Available from: http://www.hear.org/gcw/species/pittosporum_viridiflorum/ [Accessed June 22 2010]
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS), 2010. Pittosporum viridiflorum Sims
Summary: Available from: http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=504429 [Accessed June 22 2010]
McGinley, Mark, 2008. St. Helena scrub and woodlands. The Encyclopedia of Earth
Summary: Available from: http://www.eoearth.org/article/St._Helena_scrub_and_woodlands [Accessed June 22 2010]
Starr, Forest; Kim Martz and Lloyd L. Loope, 1999. New Plant Records from East Maui for 1998. United States Geological Survey - Biological Resources Division
Summary: Available from: http://www.hear.org/starr/publications/new_plant_records_1999.pdf [Accessed June 22 2010]
USDA-NRCS, 2010. Pittosporum viridiflorum Sims. Cape cheesewood. The PLANTS Database. National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
Summary: Available from: http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=PIVI5 [Accessed June 22 2010]
Varnham, K. 2005 (updated 2009). Non-native species in UK Overseas Territories: a review.
Wagner, W.L., D.R. Herbst, & S.H. Sohmer. 1990. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai�i. 2 vols. Univ. of Hawaii Press & Bishop Museum Press, Honolulu. 1,853 p.
Summary: Available from: http://hear.org/starr/publications/1999_new_plant_records_east_maui-op59-1.pdf [Accessed 22 June 2010]
Contact
The following 0 contacts offer information an advice on Pittosporum viridiflorum
Pittosporum viridiflorum
cape cheesewood, cape pittosporum, spoor
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Recommended citation
(2024). Pittosporum viridiflorum. IUCN Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT).